40 * 12 > 180 : 9 − верное неравенство
1) 40 * 12 = 12 * 40 = 480

2) 180 : 9 = 20
$\begin{array}{cc}\begin{array}{l}\underset{¯}{\phantom{0}}180\\ \phantom{0}\underset{¯}{18}\\ \phantom{00}\underset{¯}{\phantom{0}}0\\ \phantom{000}\underset{¯}{0}\\ \phantom{000}0\end{array}& \begin{array}{l}\overline{)9}\\ \overline{\overline{)20}}\end{array}\end{array}$
3) 480 > 20
165 + 368 < 20 * 40 − верное неравенство
1) $\begin{array}{r}\begin{array}{r}+\end{array}\underline{\begin{array}{r}165\\ 368\end{array}}\\ \begin{array}{r}533\end{array}\end{array}$
2) 20 * 40 = (2 * 4) * 10 * 10 = 8 * 100 = 800
3) 533 < 800